Knowledge and perceptions of recent pharmacy graduates about generic medicines

Authors

  • Mohamed Azm Hassali Department of Pharmacy Practice, Victorian College of Pharmacy, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia, and Discipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
  • David C. M. Kong Department of Pharmacy Practice, Victorian College of Pharmacy, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
  • Kay Stewart Department of Pharmacy Practice, Victorian College of Pharmacy, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia

Abstract

The ever-rising price of prescription medicines is a phenomenon that affects nearly every developed country across the globe. An effective strategy to contain escalating costs is by using cheaper generic medicines. Within this context, most policy makers are encouraging healthcare professionals to prescribe or substitute generic medicines whenever possible. Whichever policy—generic prescribing or generic substitution—is adopted, the main challenge is how to maintain the confidence of patients and carers in using generics. This is where the role of the pharmacist becomes vital. The availability of different brands of the same drug at the same strength and in the same dosage form poses a special challenge to healthcare professionals, making these issues very relevant to pharmacists in all practice settings. To date in Australia and elsewhere, no studies have been conducted to assess the knowledge and perceptions of recent pharmacy graduates with regard to generic medicines and generic substitution. Therefore, a national web-based survey was undertaken to evaluate pharmacy pre-registrants’ perceptions and knowledge of generic medicines. More than 80% of study participants thought that generic medicines are inferior, less effective and produce more side effects compared to brand name medicines. These findings highlight that pharmacy pre-registrants need a better understanding of the principles and concepts of bioavailability and bioequivalence if they are to contribute appropriately to generic medicine use.

References

Agresti, A. (1992). A survey of exact interference for contigency tables. Statistical Science, 7(1), 131–177.

Birkett, D. J. (2003). Generics—equal or not? Aust Prescr, 26(4), 85–87.

Cawthorne, G. K., & Eckel, F. M. (1973). The pharmacist’s dilemma - drug product selection using bioavailability data. DICP, 7, 444–450.

Cochran, W. (1954). Some methods for strengthening the common chi-square tests. Biometrics, 10, 417–451.

Commonwealth Department of Health and Ageing (CDHA). (2004). Schedule of pharmaceutical benefits for approved

pharmacists and medical practitioners effective from 1 February

Canberra: National Capital Printing.

Gafa, M., Bilbija, S., Martinova, A., & Bates, I. (2002).

Pharmacoeconomics: A view of EPSA member countries on issues related to awareness of the topic and the undergraduate curriculum. Pharmacy Education, 2(4), 171–175.

Greene, R., Cavell, G., & Jackson, S. (1996). Interprofessional clinical education of medical and pharmacy students. Medical Education, 30, 129–133.

Hepler, C., & Strand, L. (1990). Opportunities and responsibilities in pharmaceutical care. American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy, 47, 533–549.

Hinton, P. (2004). Analysing frequency data: Chi-square. In Statistics explained (p. 258). New York: Routledge.

Kirking, D. M., Gaither, C. A., Ascione, F. J., & Welage, L. S. (2001). Pharmacists’ individual and organizational views on generic medications. Journal of American Pharmaceutical Asso- ciation, 41(5), 723–728.

Langer, M. (2004). Introduction to Excel 2003. In Microsoft Office Excel 2003 for Windows (p. 5). California: Peachpit Press.

Mansfield, P., & Henry, D. (2004). Misleading drug promotion-no sign of improvements. Pharmacoepidemiol and Drug Safety, 13, 797 – 799.

Mehta, C., & Patel, N. (1996). Exact tests. In SPSS exact tests 7.0 for windows (p. 12). Chicago, IL: SPSS Inc..

Mott, D. A., & Cline, R. R. (2002). Exploring generic drug use behavior: The role of prescribers and pharmacists in the opportunity for generic drug use and generic substitution. Medical Care, 40(8), 662–674.

Pallant, J. (2001). Non-parametric statistics. In SPSS survival manual (p. 259). Crows Nest, NSW: Allen & Unwin.

Pearce, G. A., McLachlan, A. J., & Ramzan, I. (2004). Bioequivalence: How, why, and what does it really mean? Journal of Pharmaceutical Practice and Research, 34(3), 195–200.

Rodgers, S., Avery, A., Meechan, D., Briant, S., Geraghty, M., Doran, K. et al., (1999). Controlled trial of pharmacist intervention in general practice: The effect on prescribing costs. The British Journal of General Practice, 49, 717–720.

Schumock, G., Butler, M., Meek, P., Vermeulen, L., Arondekar, B., & Bauman, J. (2003). Evidence of the economic benefit of clinical pharmacy services: 1996–2000. Pharmacotherapy, 23(1), 113 – 132.

Segal, R., Wantz, D., & Brusadin, R. (1989). Pharmacists’ decision making in the selection of generic pharmaceuticals. Journal of Pharmaceutical Marketing and Management, 4(1), 75–91.

Sheehan, K., & Hoy, M. (1999). Retrieved January 25, 2005, from http://www.ascusc.org/jcmc/vol4/issue3/sheehan.html. Using e- mail to survey internet users in the United States: Methodology and assessment. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 4(3).

Smith, M., Monk, M., & Banahan, B. F., 3rd. (1991). Factors influencing substitution practices. American Druggist, 203, 96, (May), 88, 90, 92–83, 96.

SPSS. (2003). SPSSw base 12.0 user’s guide. Chicago, IL: SPSS Inc..

Downloads

How to Cite

Hassali, M. A., Kong, D. C. M., & Stewart, K. (2018). Knowledge and perceptions of recent pharmacy graduates about generic medicines. Pharmacy Education, 7(1). Retrieved from https://pharmacyeducation.fip.org/pharmacyeducation/article/view/146

Issue

Section

Research Article