An Incremental Approach to Incorporating Case-based Learning into Pharmacy Curricula

Authors

  • Robert S. Kidd Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, Shenandoah University, 1775 North Sector Court, Winchester, VA 22601, USA
  • Mark S. Johnson Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, Shenandoah University, 1775 North Sector Court, Winchester, VA 22601, USA
  • Douglas L. Smith Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, Shenandoah University, 1775 North Sector Court, Winchester, VA 22601, USA
  • Evan T. Robison Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, Shenandoah University, 1775 North Sector Court, Winchester, VA 22601, USA
  • David W. Newton Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, Shenandoah University, 1775 North Sector Court, Winchester, VA 22601, USA

Keywords:

Curriculum, Case-based, Problem-based, ICare lab

Abstract

This novel course sequence utilizes an incremental approach to incorporate student-centered, case-based learning in a pharmacy curriculum. This 3-course sequence is horizontally integrated with an 11-course, integrated pharmacotherapeutics lecture sequence. The incremental design of this case-based course sequence follows an apprenticeship model of medical education of “see one, do one, teach one.” The first course, “see one,” introduces the entire class to pharmaceutical problem solving by examples from a faculty practitioner. The second course, “do one,” utilizes a classical, small group (5–7 students) case-based learning model to develop students’ knowledge and advance their approach to pharmaceutical problems. The final course in the sequence, “teach one,” facilitates the development of students into self-reliant practitioners by having them complete and present cases individually. This incremental approach takes advantage of the positive attributes of case-based learning while minimizing the negative attributes.

 

References

Alavi, C., ed (1995) Problem-based Learning in a Health Sciences Curriculum (Routledge, London, IL).

American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy: Commission to Implement Change (1993) “Papers from the Commission to implement change in pharmaceutical education. Background Paper I: what is the mission of pharmaceutical education?”, American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 57, 374–376.

Barrows, H.S. (1985) How to Design a Problem-Based Curriculum for the Preclinical Years (Springer Publications, New York, NY).

Barrows, H.S. (2000) Problem-Based Learning Applied to Medical Education (Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL).

Barrows, H.S. and MacRae, H. (1992) The Tutorial Process in Problem-Based Learning (Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL).

Barrows, H.S. and Tamblyn, R.M. (1980) Problem-Based Learning: An Approach to Medical Education (Springer Publications, New York, NY).

Culter, P. (1998) Problem Solving in Clinical Medicine, 3rd Ed. (Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD).

Deffenbaugh, J.H., ed (1999) Best Practices for Health-System Pharmacy: Positions and Practice Standards of ASHP (American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Bethesda, MD).

Demarco, R., Hayward, L. and Lynch, M. (2002) “Nursing students’ experiences with and strategic approaches to case- based instruction: a replication and comparison study between two disciplines”, Journal of Nursing Education 41, 165 – 174.

Everwijn, S.E.M., Bomers, G.B.J. and Knubben, J.A. (1993) “Ability or competence-based education: bridging the gap between knowledge acquisition and the ability to apply”, Higher Education 25, 425–438.

Glasgow, N.A. (1997) New Curriculum for New Times: A Guide to Student-Centered, Problem-based Learning (Corwin Press, Thousand Oaks, CA).

Koda-Kimble, M.A. and Young, L.Y., eds, (2001) Applied Therapeutics: The Clinical Use of Drugs, 7th Ed. (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA).

Marinho, V.C., Richards, D. and Niederman, R. (2001) “Variation, certainty, evidence, and change in dental education: employ- ing evidence-based dentistry in dental education”, Journal Dental Education 65, 449–455.

Popovich, N.G. (1991) “The Educational Care of Pharmacy”, American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 55, 349–355. Pungente, M.D., Wasan, K.M. and Moffett, C. (2002) “Using learning styles to evaluate first-year pharmacy students’ preferences toward different activities associated with the problem-based learning approach”, American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 66, 119–124.

Shroeder, D.J., Gourley, D.R. and Herfindal, E.T. (1996) Casebook for Herfindal and Gourley’s Textbook of Therapeutics: Drug and Disease Management, 6th Ed. (Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD).

Swinghammer, T.L., ed (2002) Pharmacotherapy Casebook: A Patient Focused Approach, 5th Ed. (MacGraw-Hill, New York, NY).

Tarnvik, A. (2002) “Advantages of using the multiple case method at the clinical stage of medical education”, Medical Teacher 24, 396 – 401.

Waterman, R., Duban, S., Meenin, S. and Kaufman, A. (1988) Clinical Problem Based Learning (Univeristy of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, NM).

Yolton, D.P., Yolton, R.L. and Laukkanen, H.R. (2000) “Impli- cations of problem-based education for the future of optometric practice”, Optometry 71, 104–110.

Downloads

Published

28-01-2003

How to Cite

Kidd, R. S., Johnson, M. S., Smith, D. L., Robison, E. T., & Newton, D. W. (2003). An Incremental Approach to Incorporating Case-based Learning into Pharmacy Curricula. Pharmacy Education, 3(1). Retrieved from https://pharmacyeducation.fip.org/pharmacyeducation/article/view/27

Issue

Section

Research Article