PROGRAMME DESCRIPTION: Experiential learning in public health: evaluation of a health promotion campaign assessment for pharmacy students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2021.211.5664Keywords:
Experiential Learning, Health promotion, Pharmacy education, Pharmacy students, Public healthAbstract
Description: Students in small groups designed, delivered and evaluated real-life health promotion campaigns in the local community. A peer assessed component was included from the fifth cohort onwards.
Evaluation: Six successive cohorts of pharmacy students anonymously completed an evaluation questionnaire after finishing the assessment. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were undertaken on the data. The results showed that consistently more respondents reported the assessment as a positive experience than a negative experience. Significantly more respondents reported peer assessment as being useful and group members equally contributing to campaign planning in the cohorts with peer assessment compared to the pre-peer assessment cohorts, but peer assessment did not significantly affect enjoyment ratings. Respondents’ reported enjoyment of the assessment was significantly associated with agreement that it prepared them for health promotion in practice.
Conclusions: Pharmacy students perceived the health promotion campaign assessment as appropriately challenging and enjoyable preparation for health promotion in practice.
References
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Anderson, A., & Good, J-V. (2006). Engaging students in wellness and disease prevention services. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 70, Article 40. https://doi.org/10.5688/aj700240
Arbuthnot, E., Hansen-Ketchum, P., Jewers, H., Moseley, J., & Wilson, C. (2007). Bringing theory to life: Engaging nursing students in a collaborative population-based screening project. International Journal of Nursing Education and Scholarship, 4(3). https://doi.org/10.2202/1548-923X.1358
Becker, M. (1974). The Health Belief Model and personal health behaviour. Health Education Monographs, 2: 324–473
Brown, D., Portlock, J., & Rutter, P. (2012). Review of services provided by pharmacies that promote healthy living. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy, 34, 399-409. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-012-9634-2
Brown, T., Todd, A., O'Malley, C., Moore, H., Husband, A., Bambra, C., Kasim, A., Sniehotta, F., Steed, L., Smith, S., Nield, L., & Summerbell, C. (2016). Community pharmacy-delivered interventions for public health priorities: a systematic review of interventions for alcohol reduction, smoking cessation and weight management, including meta-analysis for smoking cessation. BMJ Open, 2016(6), e009828. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009828
Carter, J., & Cochran, G. (2002). Service-learning projects in public health in pharmacy course. American Journal of Pharmacy Education, 66, 312-318
Eades, C., Ferguson, J., & O'Carroll, R. (2011). Public health in community pharmacy: A systematic review of pharmacist and consumer views. BMC Public Health, 11, 582. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-582
Gelayee, D., & Mekonnen, G. (2018). Pharmacy students' provision of health promotion counselling services during a community pharmacy clerkship: a cross sectional study, Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Medical Education, 18, 95. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-018-1216-0
Harden, R., & Stamper, N. (1999). What is a spiral curriculum? Medical Teacher, 21, 141-142. https://doi.org/10.1080/01421599979752
Herrington, A., & Herrington, J. (2006). Authentic Learning Environments in Higher Education. Idea Group Inc
Kolb, D. (1984). Experiential Learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Prentice Hall
Lave, J. (1993). The practice of learning. In: Chaiklin, S. & Lave, J (Ed.) Understanding practice: Perspectives on activity and context. (pp. 3-32). Cambridge University Press
Linh Banh, H., Chow, S., Li. S., Letassy, N., Cox, C., & Cave, A. (2015). Pharmacy students screening for pre-diabetes/diabetes with a validated questionnaire in community pharmacies during their experiential rotation in Alberta, Canada. Sage Open Medicine, 3, 2050312115585040. https://doi.org/10.1177/2050312115585040smo.sagepub.com
McCarthy, A., & Pritchard, C. (2002). Developing student environmental health officers' skills in health promotion. Journal of Environmental Health Research, 1, 1
Michie, S, van Stralen, M, & West, R. (2011). The behaviour change wheel: A new method for characterising and designing behaviour change interventions. Implementation Science, 6, 42. https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-6-42
Miller, G. (1990). The assessment of clinical skills/ competence/ performance. Academic Medicine, 65, 563-567. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-199009000-00045
Murphy, B., Dipietro, N., & Kier, K. (2010). Knowledge and use of folic acid among college women: a pilot health promotion program led by pharmacy students and faculty. Pharmacy Practice (Granada), 8, 220-225. https://doi.org/10.4321/s1886-36552010000400003
Ostroff, J., Wolff, M., Andros, C., & Nemec, E 2nd. (2017). Student pharmacists provide tobacco use prevention education to elementary school children: a pilot experience. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 9, 869-873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2017.05.007
Packard, K., Sexton, E., Spangler, M., & Walters, R. (2010). A novel cardiovascular risk screening and health promotion service learning course. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 2, 228-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2010.07.001
Prochaska, J.O., & DiClemente, C.C. (1994). The Transtheoretical Approach: Crossing Traditional Boundaries of Therapy. Dow Jones Irwin
Race, P. (2005). Making learning happen. A guide for post-compulsory education. Sage
Sookaneknum, P., Suttajit, S., Ploylearmsang, C., Kanjanasilp, J., & Maleewong, U. (2009). Health promotion integrated into a Thai PharmD curriculum to improve pharmacy practice skills. American Journal of Pharmacy Education, 73, Article 78.
Tennant, M., & Pogson, P. (1984). Learning and change in the adult years: a developmental perspective. Jossey-Bass
UK. Department of Health. (2019). Interim NHS People Plan: the future pharmacy workforce (online). Available at: https://www.longtermplan.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/ipp-p-future-workforce.pdf
UK. General Pharmaceutical Council. (2021). Initial education and training for pharmacists (online). Available at: https://www.pharmacyregulation.org/initial-training
UK. Health Education England. (2021). Making Every Contact Count (online). Available at: http://www.makingeverycontactcount.co.uk/
UK. Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education. (2014). UK Quality code for higher education. Part A: Setting and maintaining academic standards. The frameworks for higher education qualifications of UK degree-awarding bodies (online). Available at: https://www.qaa.ac.uk/docs/qaa/quality-code/qualifications-frameworks.pdf
UK. Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education. (2015). Characteristics statement. Master's degree (online). Available at: https://www.qaa.ac.uk/docs/qaa/quality-code/master's-degree-characteristics-statement8019abbe03dc611ba4caff140043ed24.pdf
US. Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education. (2016). Accreditation standards and guidelines for the professional program in pharmacy leading to the Doctor of Pharmacy degree ("Standards 2016") (online). Available at: https://www.acpe-accredit.org/pdf/Standards2016FINAL.pdf
World Health Organisation. (1998). Health promotion (online). Available at: https://www.who.int/health-topics/health-promotion#tab=tab_1
