IAI CONFERENCE: Pandemic 2020: Economic pressure and evaluation of a primary health care innovation programme for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment

Authors

  • Fransiskus Samuel Renaldi Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Rani Sauriasari Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Woro Riyadina Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2021.212.132142

Keywords:

COVID-19, Compliance, Economic, Innovation, Pandemic, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected two vital sectors: the economy and health. Subsequently, people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) face the dilemma of risking having a severe prognosis or non-compliance treatment. 

Aim: This study determines the relationship problems between the economic aspects and compliance behaviour in T2DM patients during the pandemic and how community health centres solve them.   

Methods: Data were collected from interviews with 20 T2DM patients and nine health workers in the Central Bogor region. The data were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.  

Results: Most patients tended to prioritise their economic condition. Besides, the community health centre has innovated an internet-based health service with particular policies to solve the problems.     

Conclusion: Economic pressure due to the COVID-19 pandemic has changed patients’ mindsets. Community health centres respond with particular policies to sustain patient treatment adherence.

Author Biographies

Fransiskus Samuel Renaldi, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia

Faculty of Pharmacy

Rani Sauriasari, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia

Faculty of Pharmacy

References

Acuña-Zegarra, M. A., Santana-Cibrian, M., & Velasco-Hernandez, J. X. (2020). Modeling behavioral change and COVID-19 containment in Mexico: A trade-off between lockdown and compliance. Mathematical Biosciences, 325, 108370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mbs.2020.108370

Agustiana, L. E. (2020). Pengaruh Wabah COVID-19 Terhadap Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka Pada Sektor Terdampak Di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen Terapan, 1(6), 546–556. https://doi.org/10.31933/jimt.v1i6.209

Aildasari, E. N., Karomah, I. N., Hayati, N., Fajriyah, K. N., & Habib, F. H. (2020). Pemeriksaan Kesehatan Lansia Dan Balita Dalam Upaya Pemantauan Kesehatan Melalui Kegiatan Posyandu Di Masa Pandemic COVID-19 Di Desa Kalimulyo, Jakenan, Pati, Jawa Tengah. 5

Al-Hasan, A., Yim, D., & Khuntia, J. (2020). Citizens’ Adherence to COVID-19 Mitigation Recommendations by the Government: A 3-Country Comparative Evaluation Using Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey Data. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(8), e20634. https://doi.org/10.2196/20634

Allam, Z., Dey, G., & Jones, D. S. (2020). Artificial Intelligence (AI) Provided Early Detection of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) in China and Will Influence Future Urban Health Policy Internationally. AI, 1(2), 156–165. https://doi.org/10.3390/ai1020009

Allen, M. B., & Mirsaeidi, M. (2020). Health and Economy in COVID-19 Era: A Plan for Reconstituting Long-Term Economic Security. Frontiers in Public Health, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00235

Aloudah, N. M., Scott, N. W., Aljadhey, H. S., Araujo-Soares, V., Alrubeaan, K. A., & Watson, M. C. (2018). Medication adherence among patients with Type 2 diabetes: A mixed methods study. PLoS ONE, 13(12). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207583

Andersson, E., Persson, S., Hallén, N., Ericsson, Å., Thielke, D., Lindgren, P., Carlsson, K. S., & Jendle, J. H. (2020). 1165-P: Costs of Diabetes Complications: Hospital-Based Care and Production Loss for 392,200 People with Type 2 Diabetes and Matched Controls. Diabetes, 69(Supplement 1). https://doi.org/10.2337/db20-1165-P

Apicella, M., Campopiano, M. C., Mantuano, M., Mazoni, L., Coppelli, A., & Prato, S. D. (2020). COVID-19 in people with diabetes: Understanding the reasons for worse outcomes. The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 8(9), 782–792. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30238-2

Aptel, F., & Toren, A. (2020). Societal and Economic Impact of Poor Glaucoma Medication Adherence. Ophthalmology, 127(5), 599–600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.02.015

Azizah, A. N., Raodhah, S., Surahmawati, S., & Alam, S. (2021). Utilisation of The Chronic Disease Management Program During The COVID-19 Pandemic. Diversity: Disease Preventive of Research Integrity, 1(1), 21–29. https://doi.org/10.24252/diversity.v1i1.18724

Badan Perencanaan Pengembangan Ketenagakerjaan. (2020, July 12). Profil Ketenagakerjaan Umum Agustus 2020 [Goverment Website]. Satu Data. https://satudata.kemnaker.go.id/

Badan Pusat Statistik. (2020, November 5). Agustus: Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka (TPT) sebesar 7,07 persen [Goverment Website]. BPS. https://www.bps.go.id/pressrelease/2020/11/05/1673/agustus-2020--tingkat-pengangguran-terbuka--tpt--sebesar-7-07-persen.html

Bavel, J. J. V., Baicker, K., Boggio, P. S., Capraro, V., Cichocka, A., Cikara, M., Crockett, M. J., Crum, A. J., Douglas, K. M., Druckman, J. N., Drury, J., Dube, O., Ellemers, N., Finkel, E. J., Fowler, J. H., Gelfand, M., Han, S., Haslam, S. A., Jetten, J., … Willer, R. (2020). Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response. Nature Human Behaviour, 4(5), 460–471. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-0884-z

Block, R., Berg, A., Lennon, R. P., Miller, E. L., & Nunez-Smith, M. (2020). African American Adherence to COVID-19 Public Health Recommendations. HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice, 4(3), e166–e170. https://doi.org/10.3928/24748307-20200707-01

Budd, J., Miller, B. S., Manning, E. M., Lampos, V., Zhuang, M., Edelstein, M., Rees, G., Emery, V. C., Stevens, M. M., Keegan, N., Short, M. J., Pillay, D., Manley, E., Cox, I. J., Heymann, D., Johnson, A. M., & McKendry, R. A. (2020). Digital technologies in the public-health response to COVID-19. Nature Medicine, 26(8), 1183–1192. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-1011-4

Buffart, M., Croidieu, G., Kim, P. H., & Bowman, R. (2020). Even winners need to learn: How government entrepreneurship programs can support innovative ventures. Research Policy, 49(10), 104052. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2020.104052

Chen, T., Peng, L., Yin, X., Rong, J., Yang, J., & Cong, G. (2020). Analysis of User Satisfaction with Online Education Platforms in China during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare, 8(3), 200. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8030200

Cobden, D. S., Niessen, L. W., Rutten, F. F., & Redekop, W. K. (2010). Modeling the economic impact of medication adherence in type 2 diabetes: A theoretical approach. Patient Preference and Adherence, 4, 283–290

Crespo-Gonzalez, C., Benrimoj, S. I., Scerri, M., & Garcia-Cardenas, V. (2020). Sustainability of innovations in healthcare: A systematic review and conceptual framework for professional pharmacy services. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 16(10), 1331–1343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.01.015

Cutler, R. L., Fernandez-Llimos, F., Frommer, M., Benrimoj, C., & Garcia-Cardenas, V. (2018). Economic impact of medication non-adherence by disease groups: A systematic review. BMJ Open, 8(1), e016982. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016982

Ding, A., Patel, J. P., & Auyeung, V. (2020). Understanding the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) consultation: Why do patients adhere to treatment? Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 39, 101139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101139

Fafard, P., & SJ, H. (2020, April 19). Rethinking knowledge translation for public health policy – Research Impact Canada. http://researchimpact.ca/rethinking-knowledge-translation-for-public-health-policy/

Frizelle, F. (2020, July 31). Has the present government delivered the health policy that it promised before it was elected? https://www.nzma.org.nz/journal-articles/has-the-present-government-delivered-the-health-policy-that-it-promised-before-it-was-elected

Gerke, S., Shachar, C., Chai, P. R., & Cohen, I. G. (2020). Regulatory, safety, and privacy concerns of home monitoring technologies during COVID-19. Nature Medicine, 26(8), 1176–1182. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0994-1

Greer, S. L., King, E. J., Fonseca, E. M. da, & Peralta-Santos, A. (2020). The comparative politics of COVID-19: The need to understand government responses. Global Public Health, 15(9), 1413–1416. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2020.1783340

Guo, W., Li, M., Dong, Y., Zhou, H., Zhang, Z., Tian, C., Qin, R., Wang, H., Shen, Y., Du, K., Zhao, L., Fan, H., Luo, S., & Hu, D. (2020). Diabetes is a risk factor for the progression and prognosis of COVID-19. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, e3319. https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3319

Hall, G. L. (2020). Connecting with Stories: Improving Patient Adherence and Compliance. In G. L. Hall (Ed.), Patient-Centered Clinical Care for African Americans: A Concise, Evidence-Based Guide to Important Differences and Better Outcomes (pp. 191–201). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26418-5_14

Hartmann-Boyce, J., Morris, E., Goyder, C., Kinton, J., Perring, J., Nunan, D., Mahtani, K., Buse, J. B., Prato, S. D., Ji, L., Roussel, R., & Khunti, K. (2020). Diabetes and COVID-19: Risks, Management, and Learnings From Other National Disasters. Diabetes Care. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1192

Hooft, A., Nabukalu, D., Mwanga-Amumpaire, J., Gardiner, M. A., & Sundararajan, R. (2020). Factors Motivating Traditional Healer versus Biomedical Facility Use for Treatment of Pediatric Febrile Illness: Results from a Qualitative Study in Southwestern Uganda. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 103(1), 501–507. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.19-0897

Hunger, J. M., Smith, J. P., & Tomiyama, A. J. (2020). An Evidence-Based Rationale for Adopting Weight-Inclusive Health Policy. Social Issues and Policy Review, 14(1), 73–107. https://doi.org/10.1111/sipr.12062

Kamarudin, N. K., Bismi, N. S., Zukri, N. H. A., Fuzi, M. F. M., & Ramle, R. (2020). Network Security Performance Analysis of Mobile Voice Over Ip Application (mVoIP): Kakao Talk, WhatsApp, Telegram and Facebook Messenger. Journal of Computing Research and Innovation, 5(2), 21–27

Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2016). Foto Fakta dan Angka Diabetes. Direktorat P2PTM. http://p2ptm.kemkes.go.id/foto-p2ptm/fakta-dan-angka-diabetes

Kementrian Luar Negeri Republik Indonesia. (2020). KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH REPUBLIK INDONESIA TERKAIT WABAH COVID-19. Kedutaan Besar Republik Indonesia Di Belgia. https://kemlu.go.id/brussels/id/news/6349/kebijakan-pemerintah-republik-indonesia-terkait-wabah-covid-19

Koliaki, C., Tentolouris, A., Eleftheriadou, I., Melidonis, A., Dimitriadis, G., & Tentolouris, N. (2020). Clinical Management of Diabetes Mellitus in the Era of COVID-19: Practical Issues, Peculiarities and Concerns. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(7), 2288. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9072288

Lee, W. C., Balu, S., Cobden, D., Joshi, A. V., & Pashos, C. L. (2006). Medication adherence and the associated health-economic impact among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus converting to insulin pen therapy: An analysis of third-party managed care claims data. Clinical Therapeutics, 28(10), 1712–1725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2006.10.004

Legido-Quigley, H., Asgari, N., Teo, Y. Y., Leung, G. M., Oshitani, H., Fukuda, K., Cook, A. R., Hsu, L. Y., Shibuya, K., & Heymann, D. (2020). Are high-performing health systems resilient against the COVID-19 epidemic? The Lancet, 395(10227), 848–850. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30551-1

Markovski, T. (2020). Physical Therapists Perceptions Of Patient Adherence And Strategies For Facilitating Motivation. Theses and Dissertations. https://doi.org/10.30707/ETD2020.Markovski.T

Masoni, M., & Guelfi, M. R. (2020). WhatsApp and other messaging apps in medicine: Opportunities and risks. Internal and Emergency Medicine, 15(2), 171–173. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-020-02292-5

Nguyen, H.-T.-M., Do, H., Kay, A., & Kompas, T. (2020). Rice policy in a transitional economy: Balancing the social and political objectives. Food Security, 12(3), 549–566. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-019-01005-x

Orioli, L., Hermans, M. P., Thissen, J.-P., Maiter, D., Vandeleene, B., & Yombi, J.-C. (2020). COVID-19 in diabetic patients: Related risks and specifics of management. https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/32413342/COVID_19_in_diabetic_patients:_Related_risks_and_specifics_of_management_

Pak, A., Adegboye, O. A., Adekunle, A. I., Rahman, K. M., McBryde, E. S., & Eisen, D. P. (2020). Economic Consequences of the COVID-19 Outbreak: The Need for Epidemic Preparedness. Frontiers in Public Health, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00241

Pradana, A. A., Casman, C., & Nur’aini, N. (2020). Pengaruh Kebijakan Social Distancing pada Wabah COVID-19 terhadap Kelompok Rentan di Indonesia. Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia : JKKI, 9(2), 61–67. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkki.55575

Pradhan, A., Bogue, E., Schreiber, B., Dini, H. S., Hurkchand, H., Briggs, J., & Ballard, M. (2020). Availability of Essential Commodities and Related Bottlenecks for Community Health System: Systematic Literature Review [Preprint]. In Review. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-24276/v3

Putri, I. G. A. M. A. D., & Wirawati, N. G. P. (2020). Implementation of good government governance, intellectual intelligence, emotional, and spiritual intelligence in managerial performance of village government management. International Research Journal of Management, IT and Social Sciences, 7(1), 169–176. https://doi.org/10.21744/irjmis.v7n1.831

Raboisson, D., & Lhermie, G. (2020). Living With COVID-19: A Systemic and Multi-Criteria Approach to Enact Evidence-Based Health Policy. Frontiers in Public Health, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00294

Riddle, M. C., Buse, J. B., Franks, P. W., Knowler, W. C., Ratner, R. E., Selvin, E., Wexler, D. J., & Kahn, S. E. (2020). COVID-19 in People With Diabetes: Urgently Needed Lessons From Early Reports. Diabetes Care. https://doi.org/10.2337/dci20-0024

Rosenbaum, L. (2020). The Untold Toll—The Pandemic’s Effects on Patients without COVID-19. New England Journal of Medicine, 382(24), 2368–2371. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMms2009984

Sajjad, A., & Shahbaz, W. (2020). Mindfulness and Social Sustainability: An Integrative Review. Social Indicators Research, 150(1), 73–94. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-020-02297-9

Salokhiddinovich, T. A., & Farrukh, A. (2020). The Impact of Changes in Public Administration on the Development of Neoconservative Ideas in the United States. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(3), 8104–8114

Shayak, B., Sharma, M. M., Rand, R. H., Singh, A. K., & Misra, A. (2020). Transmission Dynamics of COVID-19 and Impact on Public Health Policy. MedRxiv, 2020.03.29.20047035. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.29.20047035

Singh, A. K., Gupta, R., Ghosh, A., & Misra, A. (2020). Diabetes in COVID-19: Prevalence, pathophysiology, prognosis and practical considerations. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome, 14(4), 303–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.004

Smith, A. C., Thomas, E., Snoswell, C. L., Haydon, H., Mehrotra, A., Clemensen, J., & Caffery, L. J. (2020). Telehealth for global emergencies: Implications for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, 26(5), 309–313. https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X20916567

Ukhalkar, P. (2019). The Transformative Potential Benefits of Big Data in Government and Public Sector Domains. 1, 5.

Visaria, J., Iyer, N. N., Raval, A. D., Kong, S. X., Hobbs, T., Bouchard, J., Kern, D. M., & Willey, V. J. (2020). Healthcare Costs of Diabetes and Microvascular and Macrovascular Disease in Individuals with Incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Ten-Year Longitudinal Study. ClinicoEconomics and Outcomes Research: CEOR, 12, 423–434. https://doi.org/10.2147/CEOR.S247498

Warner, M. E., Aldag, A. M., & Kim, Y. (2020). Privatisation and intermunicipal cooperation in US local government services: Balancing fiscal stress, need and political interests. Public Management Review, 0(0), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2020.1751255

Weill, J. A., Stigler, M., Deschenes, O., & Springborn, M. R. (2020). Social distancing responses to COVID-19 emergency declarations strongly differentiated by income. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(33), 19658–19660. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2009412117

World Health Organization. (2020). Timeline: WHO’s COVID-19 response. WHO. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/interactive-timeline

Yan, L. D., Pierre-Louis, D., Isaac, B. D., Jean-Baptiste, W., Vertilus, S., Fenelon, D., Hirschhorn, L. R., Hibberd, P. L., Benjamin, E. J., Bukhman, G., & Kwan, G. F. (2020). Does distance from a clinic and poverty impact visit adherence for non-communicable diseases? A retrospective cohort study using electronic medical records in rural Haiti. BMC Public Health, 20(1), 1545. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09652-y

Zhou, Y., Chi, J., Lv, W., & Wang, Y. (2020). Obesity and diabetes as high-risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews, n/a(n/a), e3377. https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3377

Downloads

Published

28-07-2021

How to Cite

Renaldi, F. S. ., Sauriasari, R. ., & Riyadina, W. . (2021). IAI CONFERENCE: Pandemic 2020: Economic pressure and evaluation of a primary health care innovation programme for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment . Pharmacy Education, 21(2), p. 132–142. https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2021.212.132142

Issue

Section

Conference Proceedings