IAI CONFERENCE: Analysis of white pepper essential oil components using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2021.212.230234Keywords:
Essential oils, GC-MS, White pepperAbstract
Introduction: White pepper is an important commodity used to produce essential oils. Differences in the oil components are determined by which region the peppers used were sourced from.
Aims: The aim of this study was to analyse the components of the essential oils produced by white peppers from different regions and to examine the specificity of these peppers.
Methods: This analysis was carried out using the chromatography gas – mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) method on essential oil samples made from peppers obtained from the Java, Sumatera, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi Islands.
Results: The results showed that white pepper essential oil contains 22 components, and that α-pinene, ꞵ–pinene, ∆-carene, sabinene, dl-limonene, and caryophyllene were major compounds within the oils. Furthermore, it showed that α-pinene, sabinene, and caryophyllene compounds were most found in samples from the Kalimantan, Sumatra, and Sulawesi Islands respectively.Meanwhile, those from Java Island contained ꞵ – pinene, ∆-carene, and caryophyllene in similar quantities.
References
Calo, J. R., Crandall, P. G., O’Bryan, C. A., & Ricke, S. C. (2015). Essential oils as antimicrobials in food systems - A review. In Food Control. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.12.040
Direktorat Jendral Perkebunan. (2019). Statistik perkebunan Indonesia 2017-2019 : Kopi. In Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan - Kementerian Pertanian.
Fokom, R., Adamou, S., Essono, D., Ngwasiri, D. P., Eke, P., Teugwa Mofor, C., Tchoumbougnang, F., Fekam, B. F., Amvam Zollo, P. H., Nwaga, D., & Sharma, A. K. (2019). Growth, essential oil content, chemical composition and antioxidant properties of lemongrass as affected by harvest period and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in field conditions. Industrial Crops and Products. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.111477
Liu, L., Song, G., & Hu, Y. (2007). GC-MS analysis of the essential oils of Piper nigrum L. and Piper longum L. Chromatographia. https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-007-0408-2
Li, S., Lv, X., Cheng, K., Tian, Y., Huang, X., Kong, H., Duan, Y., Han, J., Liao, C., & Xie, Z. (2019). Discovery of novel 2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-amine derivatives as selective monoamine oxidase B inhibitors. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.02.030
Liu, Z., Kuang, S., Qing, M., Wang, D., & Li, D. (2019). Metabolite profiles of essential oils and SSR molecular markers in Juniperus rigida Sieb. et Zucc. from different regions: A potential source of raw materials for the perfume and healthy products. Industrial Crops and Products. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.03.034
Moghaddam, M., & Mehdizadeh, L. (2017). Chemistry of Essential Oils and Factors Influencing Their Constituents. In Soft Chemistry and Food Fermentation. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-811412-4.00013-8
Reichenbach, S. E., Tao, Q., Cordero, C., & Bicchi, C. (2019). A data-challenge case study of analyte detection and identification with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC×GC-MS). Separations, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/separations6030038
Tamokou, J. de D., Mbaveng, A. T., & Kuete, V. (2017). Antimicrobial Activities of African Medicinal Spices and Vegetables. In Medicinal Spices and Vegetables from Africa: Therapeutic Potential Against Metabolic, Inflammatory, Infectious and Systemic Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809286-6.00008-X
Zhao, J., Davis, L. C., & Verpoorte, R. (2005). Elicitor signal transduction leading to production of plant secondary metabolites. In Biotechnology Advances. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2005.01.003
