Assessment of pharmaceutical inventory management in an Indonesian district health office: A pioneer study during the Covid-19 pandemic
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2023.234.164167Keywords:
Covid-19, Healthcare, Inventory management, Pharmaceutical, PharmacyAbstract
Background: Pharmaceutical inventory management (PIM) is important for efficient budgeting and cost control of medicines. This is particularly critical for local health offices in Indonesia, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Objective: To assess the PIM in the Gunungkidul health office in Indonesia.
Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study evaluating inventory data was conducted between January and May 2022. Data obtained from 2019 to 2021 were triangulated with other data from the Ministry of Health and public health centres in Gunungkidul.
Results: The availability of medicine items as compared to the national formulary was 95% (2019), 94% (2020), and 90% (2021), respectively. Purchasing budget was achieved at 96% (2019), 87% (2020), and over 120% (2021), respectively. The Inventory Turnover Ratio was between 1.23 and 1.49. The shortage of medicine occurs at a minimum rate of 15% per year. This was in contrast with overstocking at 35% for a particular medicine. Expired medicine was found at the rate of 8% (2019), 5% (2020), and 13%(2021) respectively.
Conclusion: The Covid-19 pandemic has presented significant challenges in the pharmaceutical inventory management in Gunungkidul as indicated by irregularities in the planning and procurement trajectories. The inability to anticipate crises due to the pandemic has contributed to poor management of pharmaceuticals.
References
Athiyah, U., Yohanes & Rochmah, T. (2015). Analysis of factors influencing public drug management in district pharmacy installation (Study in Southern Papua Area). Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia, 13(1).
Berkenstock, M.K., Liberman, P., McDonnell, P.J. & Chaon, B.C. (2021). Changes in patient visits and diagnoses in a large academic centre during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Ophthalmology, 21(1):1–9 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12886-021-01886-7
Boserup, B., McKenney, M. & Elkbuli, A. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency department visits and patient safety in the United States. American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 38(9), 1732–1736 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2020.06.007
Dinkes. (2020). Gunungkidul. 2020 http://dinkes.gunungkidulkab.go.id
Fathah, R.N. (2017). Financial ratio analysis for performance appraisal at Gunungkidul District Government. Ebbank, 8(1), 33–48 http://www.ebbank.stiebbank.ac.id/index.php/EBBANK/article/view/109
Iqbal, M.J., Geer, M.I. & Dar, P.A. (2015). Availability and stock outs of paediatric essential medicines across different levels of care in one district. Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice, 8(4), 171–176 https://doi.org/10.5530/ijopp.8.4.5
Ismail, E., Nahlah Hui, W.M., Goh, K.W., Jimam, N.S., Hermansyah, A. & Ming, L.C. (2022). Resilience among Malaysian Community Pharmacists and General Medical Practitioners using the 10-Item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC): The First National Survey. Behavioral Sciences, 12(8), 1–11
Kokilam, M.B., Ganesh Joshi, H. & Kamath, V.G. (2015). Assessment of pharmaceutical store and inventory management in rural public health facilities – A study with reference to Udupi District, Karnataka. Pharmaceutical Methods, 6(2), 53–59 https://doi.org/10.5530/phm.2015.6.7
Kranz, A.M., Chen, A., Gahlon, G. & Stein, B.D. (2021). 2020 trends in dental office visits during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of the American Dental Association, 152(7), 35-541 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adaj.2021.02.016
Management Sciences for Health. (2012). MDS-3: Managing access to medicines and health technologies. Arlington, VA Management Science For Health.
Pramukantoro, G.E. & Sunarti. (2019). Evaluation of drug supply management at pharmacy installation of Surakarta Health Office in 2015. Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia, 15(1), 50–59 https://doi.org/10.31001/jfi.v15i1.354
Rahem, A., Athiyah, U., Setiawan, C. D. & Hermansyah, A. (2021). The impact of pharmacist shortage on the inventory management of medicines at primary healthcare centres in East Java, Indonesia. Pharmacy Education, 21(2), 8–14 https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2021.212.814
Rosmania, F.A. & Supriyanto, S. (2015). Analysis of drugs management as the base of safety stock control in drugs stagnant and stockout. Jurnal Administrasi Kesehatan Indonesia, 3(1), 1–10
Safarah, F.O., Priyandani, Y., Athiyah, U., Rahem, A., Sukorini, A.I. & Hermansyah, A. (2023). The impact of COVID-19 on the management of medicines at a public health centre: A showcase of pharmacist resilience. Pharmacy Education, 3(2), 223–226 https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2023.232.223226
Sanjaya, G.Y. & Hidayat, A.W. (2016). Monitoring of drug and medical logistic in Indonesia: Challenge and development. Manajemen Dan Pelayanan Faramasi, 6(2), 159–168
Satibi, Aditama Dwi, S., Rohmah, R. & Hardika. (2021). Penilaian Mutu Pelayanan Kefarmasian Di Puskesmas. In Penilaian Mutu Pelayanan Kefarmasian Di Puskesmas (23–68). Gadjah Mada University Press
Satibi, S., Rifqi Rokhman, M. & Aditama, H. (2019). Developing consensus indicators to assess pharmacy service quality at primary health centres in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences, 26(4), 110–121 https://doi.org/10.21315/mjms2019.26.4.13
Wongtanasarasin, W., Srisawang, T., Yothiya, W. & Phinyo, P. (2021). Impact of national lockdown towards emergency department visits and admission rates during the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand: A hospital-based study. EMA - Emergency Medicine Australasia, 33(2), 316–323 https://doi.org/10.1111/1742-6723.13666
