Acute and sub-chronic toxicity study of green coffee extract (Coffea canephora L.) on liver function of wistar rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2023.232.7883Keywords:
Green coffee extract, LD50, ToxicityAbstract
Background: Biodiversity is the main asset in traditional medicine development in Indonesia. Robusta green coffee has been widely studied for its activity, such as anti-hyperlipidemia, anti-obesity, and as a weight loss agent. Many products of green coffee extract are available on the market, but its toxicity data is still limited. This encourages toxicity tests to prove its safety, especially in the liver, the main organ in xenobiotic metabolism.
Objective: To obtain acute and sub-chronic toxicity data of green coffee extract.
Method: Robusta green coffee extract was obtained by the maceration method using 96% ethanol. Acute and sub-chronic toxicity testing refers to the OECD 432 and 407 methods. Rats were treated with green coffee extract at various dosages using oral gavage (2000 and 5000 mg/kg BW for acute dose and 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg BW for sub-chronic toxicity test). In the acute toxicity study, green coffee extract was given once only. Observation was carried out for the first 24 hours until 14 days after, while treatment and observation in the sub-chronic toxicity test were conducted everyday for 28 days. Data collected in this study included number of deaths, physical condition, SGOT/SGPT level, gross morphology, and liver histopathology.
Result: Green coffee extract had an LD50 cut-off of 2000 mg/kg BW which was categorised as a mild toxicity level. No liver function parameter changes were observed in acute and sub-chronic toxicity tests.
Conclusion: Green coffee extract is safe and can be further developed in herbal dosage forms.
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