The association between knowledge level and common cold self-medication behaviour among students of non-health faculty

Authors

  • Devi Ristian Octavia Muhammadiyah University of Lamongan, Lamongan, East Java, Indonesia
  • Pinasti Utami Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta, Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  • Fitriana Yuliastuti Muhammadiyah University of Magelang, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2023.232.149155

Keywords:

Common cold, Rationale, Self-medication

Abstract

Background: Self-medication is common among students all over the world. The most common reasons for self-medication were prior illness experience, non-seriousness of the illness, and drug availability. About 72.44% Indonesians of practice self-medication. Adequate knowledge sharing on drug usage would ensure appropriate and rational treatment.

Objective: To determine the relationship between the level of knowledge of non-health faculty students about the common cold and the habit of self-medication during its treatment.

Method: This is an observational study using a descriptive cross-sectional research design. The participants in this study were non-health faculty students from the Muhammadiyah University of Magelang and Lamongan, Indonesia who met the inclusion criteria. Knowledge level and behaviour level questionnaires were used. The Spearman Rank correlation test was used to analyse the data.

Result: About 69.2% and 64.9% of the respondents had good knowledge, and behaviour respectively in the case of common cold self-medication. The Spearman Rank test analysis indicated a correlation between respondents’ knowledge and behaviour towards common cold self-medication. Meanwhile, the strength correlation indicated a weak relationship.

Conclusion: Other factors could influence the self-medication habit besides knowledge status.

Author Biographies

Devi Ristian Octavia , Muhammadiyah University of Lamongan, Lamongan, East Java, Indonesia

Health Science Faculty

Pinasti Utami , Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta, Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Health Science Faculty

Fitriana Yuliastuti, Muhammadiyah University of Magelang, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia

Health Science Faculty

References

Abdi, A., Faraji, A., Dehghan, F. & Khatony, A. (2018). Prevalence of self-medication practice among health sciences students in Kermanshah, Iran. BMC Pharmacology & Toxicology, 19(1):36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40360-018-0231-4

ALBashtawy, M., Batiha, A.M., Tawalbeh, L., Tubaishat, A. & AlAzzam, M. (2015). Self-medication among school students. The Journal of School Nursing : The Official Publication of the National Association of School Nurses, 31(2):110–116 https://doi.org/10.1177/1059840514554837

Alshahrani, S.M., Alavudeen, S.S., Alakhali, K.M., Al-Worafi, Y.M., Bahamdan, A.K. & Vigneshwaran, E. (2019). Self-Medication Among King Khalid University Students, Saudi Arabia. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 12:243–249 https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S230257

Alshogran, O.Y., Alzoubi, K.H., Khabour, O.F. & Farah, S. (2018). Patterns of self-medication among medical and nonmedical University students in Jordan. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 11:169–176. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S170181

Alves, R.F., Precioso, J. & Becoña, E. (2021). Knowledge, attitudes and practice of self-medication among university students in Portugal: A cross-sectional study. Nordisk Alkohol- & Narkotikatidskrift : NAT, 38(1):50–65. https://doi.org/10.1177/1455072520965017

Asrianto, L.O., Syuhada, W.O.N. & Amrun. (2022). Analisis Determinan Kejadian Common Cold Pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Katobengke Kota Baubau Tahun 2021. Jurnal Ilmiah Obsgyn, 14(2):549–550

Ayalew, M.B. (2017). Self-medication practice in Ethiopia: a systematic review. Patient Preference and Adherence, 11:401–413. https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S131496

Behzadifar, M., Behzadifar, M., Aryankhesal, A., Ravaghi, H., Baradaran, H.R., Sajadi, H.S., Khaksarian, M. & Bragazzi, N.L. (2020). Prevalence of self-medication in university students: systematic review and meta-analysis. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal = La Revue de Sante de La Mediterranee Orientale = Al-Majallah Al-Sihhiyah Li-Sharq Al-Mutawassit, 26(7):846–857. https://doi.org/10.26719/emhj.20.052

BPOM. (2015). Cerdas Memilih Obat Flu, Pusat Informasi Obat Nasional. http://pionas.pom.go.id/Artikel/Cerdas-Memilih-Obat-Flu

Chen, C.X., Shieh, C., Draucker, C.B. & Carpenter, J.S. (2018). Reasons women do not seek health care for dysmenorrhea. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 27(1–2):e301–e308. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13946

Damayanti, L. (2017). Perbedaan Tingkat Pengetahuan Mahasiswa Kesehatan Dan Non Kesehatan Terhadap Swamedikasi Di Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

De Sanctis, V., Soliman, A.T., Daar, S., Di Maio, S., Elalaily, R., Fiscina, B. & Kattamis, C. (2020). Prevalence, attitude and practice of self-medication among adolescents and the paradigm of dysmenorrhea self-care management in different countries. Acta Bio- Medica : Atenei Parmensis, 91(1):182–192. https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v91i1.9242

DeGeorge, K.C., Ring, D.J. & Dalrymple, S.N. (2019). Treatment of the Common Cold. American Family Physician, 100(5):281–289

Gómez, E., Quidel, S., Bravo-Soto, G. & Ortigoza, Á. (2018). Does vitamin C prevent the common cold? Medwave, 18(4):e7235. https://doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2018.04.7236

Handayani, A. (2015). Keanekaragaman Lamiaceae berpotensi obat koleksi Taman Tumbuhan Obat Kebun Raya Cibodas, Jawa Barat. 1:1324–1327. https://doi.org/10.13057/psnmbi/m010611

Harahap, N.A. & Tanuwijaya, J. (2017). Patient Knowledge and Rationality of Self-medication in Three Pharmacies of Panyabungan City, Indonesia. Jurnal Sains Farmasi Dan Klinis, 3:186–192

Helal, R.M. & Abou-ElWafa, H.S. (2017). Self-Medication in University Students from the City of Mansoura, Egypt. Journal of Environmental and Public Health, 9145193. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/9145193

Ilmi, T., Suprihatin, Y. & Probosiwi, N. (2021). Hubungan Karakteristik Pasien dengan Perilaku Swamedikasi Analgesik di Apotek Kabupaten Kediri , Indonesia. Urnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan, 17(1):21–34. https://jurnal.umj.ac.id/index.php/JKK

Ivoryanto, E., Sidharta, B. & Illahi, R.K. (2017). Hubungan Tingkat Pendidikan Formal Masyarakat terhadap Pengetahuan dalam Penggunaan Antibiotika Oral di Apotek Kecamatan Klojen. Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia, 2(2):31–36. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.pji.2017.002.02.1

Khadka, A. & Kafle, K.K. (2020). Prevalence of Self-medication among MBBS students of a Medical College in Kathmandu. JNMA; Journal of the Nepal Medical Association, 58(222):69–75 https://doi.org/10.31729/jnma.4840

Kloosterboer, S.M., McGuire, T., Deckx, L., Moses, G., Verheij, T. & van Driel, M.L. (2015). Self-medication for cough and the common cold: information needs of consumers. Australian Family Physician, 44(7):497–501

Laili, N.F., Restyana, A., Probosiwi, N., Savitri, L., Megasari, E., A,T.S., Sari, E.L. & Maula, L. (2021). Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan terhadap Perilaku Swamedikasi Common Cold di Apotek X Kabupaten Nganjuk. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi; 21(3):1164. https://doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v21i3.1720

Lee, C.H., Chang, F.C., Hsu, S.D., Chi, H.Y., Huang, L.J. & Yeh, M.K. (2017). Inappropriate self-medication among adolescents and its association with lower medication literacy and substance use. PloS One, 12(12):e0189199. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189199

Mathias, E.G., D’souza, A. & Prabhu, S. (2020). Self-Medication Practices among the Adolescent Population of South Karnataka, India. Journal of Environmental and Public Health, 2020:9021819. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9021819

Mirza, N. & Ganguly, B. (2016). Utilisation of Medicines Available at Home by General Population of Rural and Urban Set Up of Western India. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research: JCDR, 10(8): FC05-9. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2016/20600.8298

Mittal, P., Chan, O.Y., Kanneppady, S.K., Verma, R.K. & Hasan, S.S. (2018). Association between beliefs about medicines and self-medication with analgesics among patients with dental pain. PloS One, 13(8):e0201776. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0201776

Notoatmodjo. (2012). Metodologi penelitian kesehatan. Rineka Cipta

Octavia, D. R., Zakaria, M. S. & Nurafifah, D. (2019). Tingkat Pengetahuan Masyarakat Tentang Swamedikasi yang Rasional di Lamongan. Surya, 11(02):10–16

Octavia, D.R., Susanti, I., Farmasi, P.S., Kesehatan, F. I. & Lamongan, U. M. (2022). Aplikasi AKO (Apoteker Keluarga Online) sebagai Media Digital Counseling dalam Upaya Penggunaan Obat yang Rasional di Masyarakat. PUNDIMAS, 1(1):1–6 . https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37010/pnd.v1i1

Pappas, D. E. (2018). The Common Cold. In Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (pp. 199-202.e1) https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-40181-4.00026-8

Passioti, M., Maggina, P., Megremis, S. & Papadopoulos, N. G. (2014). The common cold: potential for future prevention or cure. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, 14(2):413 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-013-0413-5

Quidel, S., Gómez, E., Bravo-Soto, G. & Ortigoza, Á. (2018). What are the effects of vitamin C on the duration and severity of the common cold? Medwave, 18(6):e7261. https://doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2018.06.7260

Ramadan, B. (2022). Knowledge and attitude of medical students toward self-medication. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology = Journal de La Therapeutique Des Populations et de La Pharmacologie Clinique, 28(2):e83–e91. https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2022.862

Rashid, M., Chhabra, M., Kashyap, A., Undela, K. & Gudi, K.S. (2020). Prevalence and Predictors of Self-Medication Practices in India: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis. Current Clinical Pharmacology, 15(2):90-101. https://doi.org/10.2174/1574884714666191122103953

Ruiz, M. (2010). Risks of Self-Medication Practices. Current Drug Safety, 5(4):315–323. https://doi.org/10.2174/157488610792245966

Sharif S.I. & Syarif R.S. (2014). Self-medication among non-healthcare students of the University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. Archives of Pharmacy Practice, 5(1):35–41. https://doi.org/10.4103/2045-080X.128375

Tsutsumi, M., Shaku, F., Ozone, S., Sakamoto, N. & Maeno, T. (2017). Reasons for the preference of clinic visits to self-medication by common cold patients in Japan. Journal of General and Family Medicine, 18(6):336–340. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgf2.81

WHO (2020). Updated WHO recommendations for international traffic in relation to the COVID-19 outbreak.

Downloads

Published

15-05-2023

How to Cite

Octavia , D. R., Utami , P., & Yuliastuti, F. (2023). The association between knowledge level and common cold self-medication behaviour among students of non-health faculty . Pharmacy Education, 23(2), p. 149–155. https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2023.232.149155

Issue

Section

Special Edition