Simulation Technology enhances Doctor of Pharmacy candidates’ retention of rhythms and medications used in advanced cardiac life support
Keywords:
Simulation, Pharmacy, ACLSAbstract
Aims: Simulation technology is currently being employed to enhance traditional didactic teaching in both nursing and medicine. We plan to assess the difference between simulation-based and didactic-based methods when teaching Advanced Cardiac Life Support to Doctor of Pharmacy candidates.
Methods: A prospective, parallel designed study comparing didactic lecture with written scenarios versus didactic lecture plus simulation-based scenarios. Both groups completed a one-hundred point examination two weeks prior to lecture, immediately after lecture, and two weeks post lecture to assess material retention.
Results: Twenty-one subjects were enrolled and participated in the study. The immediate post-lecture assessment average score for the didactic and simulation group was 80.2±12 and 85.6±8 respectively (p=0.262). Retention test scores differed significantly in favour of the simulation group versus didactic group (79.6 and 64.8 respectively; p=0.031).
Conclusions: The use of simulation based training in addition to traditional didactic lecture significantly improves students’ retention of Advanced Cardiac Life Support rhythms and medications.
References
ALS Simulator, Laerdal Simulation Solutions (on-line). Available at: http://www.laerdal.com. Accessed 6th June, 2010.
Austin, Z., Gregory, P. & Tabak, D. (2006) Simulated patients vs. standardized patients in objective structured clinical examinations. American Journal of Pharmacy Education, 70(5), Article 119.
Bradley, P. (2006) The history of simulation in medical education and possible future directions. Medical Education, 40, 254-262.
Draper, H.M. & Eppert, J.A. (2008) Association of pharmacist presence on compliance with Advanced Cardiac Life Support guidelines during in-hospital cardiac arrest. The Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 42, 469-74.
Fernandez, R., Parker, D., Kalus, J.S., Miller, D. & Compton, S. (2007) Using a human patient simulation mannequin to teach interdisciplinary team skills to pharmacy students. American Journal of Pharmacy Education, 71(3), Article 51.
Hofmann B. (2009) Why simulation can be efficient: on the preconditions of efficient learning in complex technology based practices. BMC Medical Education, 9, 48.
Mckeon, L.M., Norris, T., Cardell, B. & Britt, T. (2009) Developing patient-centered care competencies among prelicensure nursing students using simulation. Journal of Nursing Education, 48(12), 711-715.
Okuda, Y., Bryson, E.O., DeMaria, S., Jacobson, L., Quinones, J., Shen, B. & Levine, A.I. (2009) The utility of simulation in medical education: what is the evidence? The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine, 76(4), 330-43.
Salas, E., Wilson, K.A., Lazzara, E.H., King, H.B., Augenstein, J.S., Robinson, D.W. & Birnbach, D.J. (2008) Simulation-based training for patient safety: 10 principles that matter. Journal of Patient Safety, 4(1), 3-8.
Seybert, A.L., Laughlin, K.K., Benedict, N.J., Barton, C.M. & Rea, R.S. (2006) Pharmacy student response to patient- simulation mannequins to teach performance-based pharmacotherapeutics. American Journal of Pharmacy Education, 70(3), Article 48.
Seybert, A.L., Kobulinsky, L.R. & McKaveneya, T.P. (2008) Human patient simulation in a pharmacotherapy course. American Journal of Pharmacy Education, 72(2), Article 37.
Tokunaga, J., Takamura, N., Ogata, K., Yoshida, H., Totoribe, K., Nagata, M., Hidaka, M., Matsuoka, T., Ono, S., Yamamoto, R. & Arimori, K. (2008) Medical emergency education using emergency care simulators in the school of pharmaceutical sciences. Yakugaku Zasshi: Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan, 128(7), 1045-1055.
Wayne, D.B., Butter, J., Siddal, V.J., Wade, L.D., Feinglass, J. & McGaghie, W.C. (2006) Mastery learning of Advanced Cardiac Life Support skills by internal medicine residents using simulation technology and deliberate practice. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 21, 251-256.
Wayne, D.B., Didwania, A., Feinglass, J., Fedala, M.J., Barsuk, J.H. & McGaghie, W.C. (2008) Simulation-based education improves quality of care during cardiac arrest team responses at an academic teaching hospital. Chest, 133, 56-61.
