Description of a practice-focused research skills curriculum for a master’s in pharmacy programme

Authors

  • Juliette O'Connell School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1114-9778
  • Anca-Monica Strugaru School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
  • Carlos Medina Martin School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
  • Maria Santos-Martinez School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
  • Tamasine Grimes School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
  • Máire O'Dwyer School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
  • Cicely Roche School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
  • Cristín Ryan School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2025.251.255263

Keywords:

Pharmacy education, Pharmacy practice, Pharmacy student, Research education, Teamwork

Abstract

Background: To describe a research skills curriculum across the five years of a Master’s in Pharmacy (MPharm) programme whereby students designed, undertook, and disseminated Practice of Pharmacy (PoP) research projects.

Methods: In years 1 to 3, students developed basic research skills through workshops in academic writing, critical appraisal, presentation, database searching, and information gathering. The research training received by students was a comprehensive journey from learning the theoretical principles of research through idea generation, planning, application, execution, and dissemination. PoP research skills were developed in years 4 and 5, via taught components, by undertaking an individual capstone research project in year 4 and a team-based Practice of Pharmacy research project in year 5. Team-based projects were included to emulate the working of a research group. The year 5 project was performed while students completed experiential learning placements in patient-facing settings.

Results: As of 2023, 100% (n = 236) of students commencing year 5 completed the MPharm programme. Despite the challenge of COVID-19, 33 groups successfully produced high-quality research project reports at the end of year 5, three (9%) of which have been published in international peer-reviewed journals.

Conclusion: The MPharm research curriculum expanded learning across all programme years. The personal, interpersonal, and research skills developed could place graduates at a distinct advantage for continuing their professional development across their careers and becoming involved in research projects as qualified pharmacists.

References

Anderson, L. W., & Krathwohl, D. R. (2001). A taxonomy for learning, teaching, and assessing: A revision of Bloom's taxonomy of educational objectives. Longman.

Awaisu, A., & Alsalimy, N. (2015). Pharmacists' involvement in and attitudes toward pharmacy practice research: A systematic review of the literature. Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy, 11(6), 725‒748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2014.12.008

Barletta, J. F. (2008). Conducting a successful residency research project. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 72(4), 92. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9459(24)00449-2

Cullati, S., Courvoisier, D. S., Gayet-Ageron, A., Haller, G., Irion, O., Agoritsas, T., Rudaz, S., & Perneger, T. V. (2016). Patient enrollment and logistical problems top the list of difficulties in clinical research: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 16(1), 50. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-016-0151-1

DiPiro, J. T. (2011). Preparing our students for the many opportunities in pharmacy. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 75(9), 170. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe759170

Ferguson, R. (2016). Get started with research in community pharmacy. The Pharmaceutical Journal, 296(7885), 296. https://doi.org/10.1211/PJ.2015.20200163

Garner, S., Patel, P., Duggan, C., & Joynes, R. (2017, 15th and 16th May). Royal pharmaceutical society ‘Research ready’ accreditation scheme evaluation. Annual National Health Service Research and Development Forum, Manchester. Retrieved 2021, 15 April from https://annualrdforum.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/formidable/5/D3-Sonia-Garner.pdf

Griffin, M. F., & Hindocha, S. (2011). Publication practices of medical students at British medical schools: experience, attitudes and barriers to publish. Medical Teacher, 33(1), e1‒8. https://doi.org/10.3109/0142159x.2011.530320

Hauss, K. (2020). What are the social and scientific benefits of participating at academic conferences? Insights from a survey among doctoral students and postdocs in Germany. Research Evaluation, 30(1), 1‒12. https://doi.org/10.1093/reseval/rvaa018

Henchey, C., Keefe, K., Munger, M. A., & Witt, D. M. (2020). Fostering PharmD student research and quality improvement with mentored projects. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 84(9), ajpe7940. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe7940

Hudson, S. A., Anaw, J. J. M., & Johnson, B. J. (2007). The changing roles of pharmacists in society. International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 1(1), 22‒34. https://doi.org/10.56026/imu.1.1.22

Kao, D. J., Hudmon, K. S., & Corelli, R. L. (2011). Evaluation of a required senior research project in a doctor of pharmacy curriculum. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 75(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe7515

Kehrer, J. P., & Svensson, C. K. (2012). Advancing pharmacist scholarship and research within academic pharmacy. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 76(10), 187. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe7610187

Kostriba, J., Alwarafi, A., & Vlcek, J. (2014). Social pharmacy as a field of study in undergraduate pharmacy education. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 48(1), 6‒12. https://www.ijper.org/sites/default/files/ijper_48_1_2.pdf

Krass, I. (2015). Ways to boost pharmacy practice research. The Pharmaceutical Journal, 295(7883), 295. https://pharmaceutical-journal.com/article/opinion/ways-to-boost-pharmacy-practice-research

Laustsen, C. E., Petersson, P., Westergren, A., & Haak, M. (2021). Involvement of professionals in research: knowledge integration, development of practice, and challenges: a group concept mapping study. Health Research Policy and Systems, 19(1), 115. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-021-00763-5

Linca, F. I., & Matei, F. L. (2023). Teamwork efficiency of students: does the university environment contribute to the development of this competence? Review of Psychopedagogy, 12(1), 81‒86. https://doi.org/10.56663/rop.v12i1.60

McLaughlin, M. M., Skoglund, E., Bergman, S., & Scheetz, M. H. (2015). Development of a pharmacy student research program at a large academic medical center. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 72(21), 1885‒1889. https://doi.org/10.2146/ajhp150042

Mrisho, M., & Essack, Z. (2021). Understanding constraints and enablers of turnaround time for ethics review: The case of institutional review boards in Tanzania. Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics, 16(5), 514‒524. https://doi.org/10.1177/15562646211026855

Pharmaceutical Society of Ireland. (2013). Core competency framework for pharmacists. Retrieved 2020, 25 June from https://www.thepsi.ie/gns/Pharmacy_Practice/core-competency-framework.aspx

Pharmaceutical Society of Ireland. (2019). Accreditation standards for the five-year fully integrated masters degree programmes in pharmacy. Retrieved 2022, 18 August from https://www.thepsi.ie/Libraries/Education/5Yr_Prog_Accreditation_Standards.sflb.ashx

Rhodes, T. (2010). Assessing outcomes and improving achievement: Tips and tools for using rubrics. Association of American Colleges and Universities. https://www.aacu.org/publication/assessing-outcomes-and-improving-achievement-tips-and-tools-for-using-rubrics

Rosen, M. A., DiazGranados, D., Dietz, A. S., Benishek, L. E., Thompson, D., Pronovost, P. J., & Weaver, S. J. (2018). Teamwork in healthcare: Key discoveries enabling safer, high-quality care. American Psychologist, 73(4), 433‒450. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000298

Rouse, M. J. (2004). Continuing professional development in pharmacy. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association, 44(4), 517‒520. https://doi.org/10.1331/1544345041475634

Ryan, T. J., Grimes, T., Henman, M. C., Sheachnasaigh, E. N., O'Dwyer, M., Roche, C., Ryder, S. A., Sasse, A., Walsh, J. J., & D'Arcy, D. M. (2019). Design and implementation of an integrated competency-focused pharmacy programme: A case report. Pharmacy (Basel), 7(3), 121. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy7030121

Swanoski, M. T., Akers, M. F., Amaro, M. L., Huot, K. L., & Lutfiyya, M. N. (2012). Incorporating research into a postgraduate year 1 pharmacy residency. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 76(9), 175. https://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe769175

Trinity College Dublin. (2020). Calendar part III graduate studies and higher degrees. Retrieved 2021, 15 April from https://www.tcd.ie/calendar/graduate-studies-higher-degrees/complete-part-III.pdf

Trinity Education Project. (2019). Capstone project: Definition and criteria. Retrieved 2021, 15 April from https://www.tcd.ie/teaching-learning/ug-regulations/Assets/A.5%20TEP%20-%20Capstone%20Project%20-%20Definition%20%20Criteria.pdf

Wuller, C. A. (2010). A capstone advanced pharmacy practice experience in research. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 74(10), 180. https://doi.org/10.5688/aj7410180

Downloads

Published

30-03-2025

How to Cite

O’Connell, J., Strugaru, A.-M., Medina Martin, C., Santos-Martinez, M., Grimes, T., O’Dwyer, M., Roche, C., & Ryan, C. (2025). Description of a practice-focused research skills curriculum for a master’s in pharmacy programme. Pharmacy Education, 25(1), p. 255–263. https://doi.org/10.46542/pe.2025.251.255263

Issue

Section

Programme Description